Greek and Hebrew fonts are generally not used so that the flow of reading is not interrupted for readers who are not conversant in these languages. You will find that reading most of the book is as easy as reading the newspaper.
I have done all of the Greek work for the reader. For 22 years I have been. No Greek professor or translator has had that time latitude.
I began at the age of 13 with a private tutor of classical language. By the time I was 18, I was hired to teach English to Greek-speaking immigrants. For over 30 years I have waded through thorny Greek briars to rescue tangled sheep, brought near the precipice of unbelief by Greek and Hebrew study tools. There is nothing about the Greek New Testament that I did not see before most of my critics were born, as I am now in my sixties.
Although it may take a bit of time to read this book, it is a time-saver. I have spent years and years reading all of the hard-to-find books written by the authors of Greek and Hebrew lexicons and editions, so that readers could quickly gather all of the critical material from one source.
The footnotes provide research resources for further study. This book is written for the following audiences: Ordinary Christians who have heard people say, The Greek says, and wondered if perhaps their Bible might be wrong or if they should get some books on the subject so that they could better understand the Bible.
Good pastors who have taken a little Greek in college or have access to some reference books with Greek definitions of Bible words and refer to them when they feel they need to define a word or expound a text. They have heard those they respect do this and assume that their sources are correct and helpful.
Christians who care about the Bible and who want to be armed with evidence to help those who will demean it through aggressive means, apathy, or a little Greek here and there. Bible college pastors, professors, students and their parents, who have wondered why the study of the words of God in the Bible has been switched to the study of the words of men in lexicons, grammars, and printed one-man editions.
Greek and Hebrew scholars, who likely will be the only ones who will recognize all of the names of the editors discussed in this book and who have not had the time to research their writings and beliefs thoroughly. Bible critics, who will ignore the evidence in this book like the plague, but will now be without excuse at the judgment.
The Purpose of This Book Instinctively most know that new versions which omit through his blood and by Jesus Christ are wrong e. Many likewise instinctively sense that something is amiss when they hear, That word in Greek really means However, they have no way of explaining why it is wrong. This book will provide an explanation. The result of a thorough and careful study of the material in this book should be: 1.
To dispel the myth that the Greek and Hebrew study tools available today provide clear and revealing light upon or improvements to the Holy Bible. To dispel the myth that translations of vernacular Bibles can safely be made by leaning upon the currently available Greek and Hebrew texts and lexicons. To discover the truth that the translations in lexicons are often done by a traitor, as expressed by the similar Italian words traduttore, traditore, meaning, translator, traitor.
To discourage the study of the Bible from the perspective of the so-called original languages. To keep the next generation from hearing from the pulpit, The Greek says, to hearing once again what the old-time preachers said, The Bible says Hopefully the Greek rush will become a holy hush.
Pastor R. Ouellette penned and preached the following perceptive poem. I heard the old-time preacher speak without one reference to the Greek, This precious Book within my hand is Gods own word on which I stand. And then the scholars came along and said the preacher had it wrong: Conflations here, rescissions there, and scribal errors everywhere.
A book essentially correct, but not in every last respect. A fairly certain word, they say, To light our path and guide our way. Then in despair I bowed by head. We have no word of God, I said. If some of this old Book is wrong, pray tell, what else does not belong?
Will still more manuscripts be found to make us go another round? Correcting, changing, taking out; creating questions, fear and doubt? Must more discoveries come to light before we finally get it right? Will precious doctrines fade away because of what the scholars say? How many errors must we purge because of what the scholars urge?
How many versions must we make? How many changes can we take? How will we ever know were through that we possess a scripture true? If man must find Gods word, my friend, when will the changes ever end? Then to the Book again I fled to find out what my Father said. Forever settlednever fade This promise God the Spirit made. A thousands generations hence that seems a pretty strong defense. A perfect Book? Then it must be man cant improve what God gave me. We have a Book completely true, instructing us in all we do.
Preserved by God, not found by men, inscribed by God the Spirits pen. If God or scholars you must choose, be sure the experts always lose. Dont give to them a second look; Just keep believing this old Book. To promote awe and reverence, once again, for the Holy Bible, in the midst of the multiplicity of versions and opinions about what the original languages are purported to say.
To dissuade Christians, pastors, and Bible colleges from exposing themselves and others to the errors and potential heresies inherent in the minds and writings of. Regarding his former spiritual blindness, even Paul had to admit, I did it ignorantly Hopefully many will quit repeating That word in Greek really means, start thinking, and resume focusing solely on the words of God, instead of human tradition.
The wolves have howled for so long and so loudly that some may stand stunned and continue serving as their sounding board. For these remaining few who have stopped all learning, lexicons fit the bill of a parrot perfectly. To alert pastors, parents and pupils about Certain College Creeps. N this book you will find out what happens behind the closed doors of some college classrooms and closed textbook covers.
Liberal Bible school professors fear the people, especially peering parents and pastors Matt. Like Judas, they must betray himin the absence of the multitude Luke The eminent colleges such as Harvard, Yale, Oxford, and Cambridge and began as religious schools for the preparation of ministers.
Today they are the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird brain Rev. John Hinton at jhinton postharvard. What caused the downfall of these schools? It certainly was not their King James Bibles. Yet today fresh-faced young men leave home for Bible college, packing little but a change of clothes and their Holy Bible. With each passing year a growing pile of books has been stacked upon their now seldom read and less revered Holy Bibles.
When they graduate it becomes a church ornament, outshone by a mile of commentaries and lexicons. How did this all happen? The answer: Greek and Hebrew study. These termites are quietly and slowly chewing away at the churches one foundation. They did not enter through the light of the front door, but lurk on the meaty wooden library shelves of pastors and colleges, lying wait to devour, first the pine, then the pulp of the Bibles pages.
But sadly, the material uncovered in this book has never been investigated before, even by the people who teach from or use these Greek and Hebrew tools every day. The real peril to anyone who stands and teaches is an ignorance of his own ignorance and a claim to be an authority in an area about which his knowledge is incomplete. A person must first be a learner before he is a teacher. Why This Book? As a former college professor at a secular university, I must admit that college students hold a special place in my heart.
My daring adventures while telling students about salvation through Jesus Christ could fill a thrilling book. Young students are very open to new information, both good and bad. I too received Jesus Christ as my Saviour while in college. Students are frighteningly vulnerable, away from parents and familiar safeguards.
They are also quite vulnerable, when confronted by an eloquent and persuasive professor. When my own daughter and her fianc, an evangelist for the KJB, enrolled in Christian colleges for the first time, I discovered first-hand exactly what concerned parents had been calling about.
Both went to church-based schools where the pastors and their churches were perfect. How much safer could it get? Surprisingly, my daughter brought home a textbook that falsely charged that the word candle in the KJB was incorrect because, according to the author, there were no candles in Bible times. The lexicon author who invented that lie is discussed in an upcoming chapter.
I showed my daughter two standard secular encyclopedia which confirm the KJB reading: Candle was mans chief source of light for at least 2, years [i. The oldest materials employed for making candles are beeswax and tallow Waxlights cereus, sc. The good pastor got rid of the bad textbooks. But with no nearby Bible colleges to complete her degrees, my daughter switched to an accounting major via safe distance learning.
Surely the accounting textbooks, written by unsaved reprobate professors, would not try to steal her Bible from her word-by-word. Later, her fianc received an e-mail from his professor at a different Bible college. It quipped, I have never said we have a perfect innerrant [sic] Bible. The debate was on and the professors views and spelling were no match for this young man, his parents, or his pastor.
Both of these incidents hinged upon what a word meant. How had professors and Christian textbook authors gotten the idea that the words in the KJB were wrong? The ulterior motive may be We will not have this man to reign over us Luke These episodes and an uncanny series of events prompted me to resurrect this book project, which had been started many years earlier but was dropped due to the sensational discoveries that were made.
Much must remain unsaid or tempered due to its sensitive character. Although highly censored, the sections of this book about Liddell and his strange friend Dodgson, as well as the section about Westcotts strange friend Vaughan, are best reserved for adults only.
Hopefully the research herein, if read, will send a wise warning so that yet another generation of students and their Holy Bibles will not be subject to such attacks. The church can only use so many accountants. Young soldiers, the same age as college students, fight in very dangerous situations; some are killed in action. Even young men who stay home and attend secular universities are not free from danger.
At VA Tech many students were killed on campus by a deranged gunman. Yet Jesus said, Fear not them which kill the body Matt. To God, the eternal soul is more important than the temporal body. Therefore the greatest danger of all is faced by young men who are stalked by wolves who hide behind a sheepskin at an apostate Bible college. Their sheeps skin was taken from a Christian whose faith in the Bible was killed by their teacher or textbook.
Both are waiting to torch a word in the Bible and set off a firestorm of doubt. A wolf cannot devour sheep unless he is among them. The serial soul-killers are lurking on bookshelves, in bookstores, in Bible software, and on the poisonous spiders web. These wolves whisper behind closed doors, That word in Greek really means The student thinks, If it means that, why doesnt my Bible say that? Greek grammars and lexicons do not teach Greek. They teach unbelief.
Young Bible school students are given an assignment to translate a portion of a book of the Bible. A floodgate of lexical definitions and textual variants soon pours into their souls. Each students translation is bound to be different, as Every man did that which was right in his own eyes Judges By changing the Bible the young men have just destroyed their weapon of defense, the word of God, which is the sword of the Spirit. They have lost the most important thing in the world, even more important than their lives.
They have lost confidence in the Holy Bible. Had a fellow student handed them drugs or pornography, the sword of the Spirit, their Bibles, would have helped them keep it at bay. But if the devil can take away their swords, they are defenseless from any attack. The gullible young men may travel through life and never use drugs, steal, or kill anyone, but once he begins questioning the Bible, he has succumbed to the very same sin that tempted Adam and Eve, led to the downfall of the entire human race, and turned the garden of Eden into the garden of weedin.
The professor may. Your wifes version is inferior. Lexicons have the exact same destructive effect and are, in effect, Christian pornography. They have now joined the serpents side with the battle cry, Yea, hath God said?
If a doctor told a student he had cancer cells, even though the young man could not foresee their future destructive power, he would be unwise not to have them removed. Removing such cankered professors and textbooks from arms reach of impressionable young men seems to be Gods safest plan. And their word will eat as doeth a canker 2 Tim.
POOR little boy named Johnny was faithfully picked up for church every Sunday for many years by a kindly bus worker. He continued attending this strong KJB church and had no problems clutching his beloved Bible. Although his unsaved parents gave him no support in his new Christian life, he worked hard and saved to go to the well-known Three-Ring Seminary, Clown College. Like Judas, they held a bag of translation tricks, balancing them high above the words in Johnnys Holy Bible.
Like clowns, they made the students laugh by mocking those who promoted the KJB. Each year Johnny came home from college, not happy and excited, but with more and more questions and doubts about the Holy Bible he had been given by the godly bus worker. The clowns had taught him how to aptly juggle a pile of Greek and Hebrew lexicons, but he dropped his awe for his Holy Bible before he left.
After graduation he told someone, I dont know where the Bible is. His painted smile, like all Clown graduates, is now being used by Satan to deceive listeners who will look at his hall of mirrors to see a distorted image of Gods word. Do not be lured by the kissing booth advertising this schools Fun House.
Remember Judas betrayed Jesus with a kiss. He was not a creepy killer, just a sneaky kisser. This is not funny; it is a true story of the three-ring circus surrounding Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic.
Have you ever noticed that the clowns wide circular collar looks just like a millstone? Jesus does not think that Clown College is funny. He warned,. But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea Matt.
Walking the dangerous tightrope between KJB words and lexicon words can lead to a disastrous falling away. Looking away from the straight and narrow for a deeper look will drown men in destruction. The names of the student, professors, and college in this true story have been changed. Contact AV Publications for a list of good Bible schools to attend or those to avoid.
To be added to the list of good colleges, submit a letter that all faculty affirm that the King James Bible is the inspired, inerrant word of God.
Many years ago Herman Hoskier, renowned collator of Bible manuscripts, said of textual criticism, This is just the kind of thing which seems to be misleading the Oxford school, and, in lectures, causing them to unsettle rather than settle their youthful hearers in the WordIt is then nothing short of a crime for men in responsible Christian chairs to unsettle their hearers.
My burden for college students has led me to pray daily that those who lie to them would repent, and should they refuse, their lies would be silenced. Perhaps they should pursue other jobs where their talent for lying would do no spiritual harm. Selling used cars might be the logical position. The Lord has chosen to stop several professors and Bible doubters in their tracks, sending some for rehabilitation to used car lots, where lying has strict legal consequences. The people who fill the pews have no quarrel with their Holy Bible; the asides it receives come from higher education, where the books of men stack higher than the word of God.
The Bible says to set those who are least esteemed in the church to judge matters 1 Cor. But there seems to be a fleshly tendency in the body of Christ to be like Diotrephes, who loved to have the preeminence 3 John 9. There is more of a desire to look intelligent, than a desire to be spiritual. There is a tendency to ignore the verses which say, Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate.
Be not wise in your own conceits Rom. Yea, hath God said? The Bible is dead? Some have a God who just speaks Greek.
To read his word his face to seek they need a book thats all in Greek. A single word they cannot speak. Yet swelling words their heads do seek to puff them up, confound the weak. These men are wise in their conceits; Theyre sure theyre Popes, without the seats. There are few words in the KJB that might need to be defined by a Bible teacher. Even Jesus did not add to or correct the words the Father had given him See John , 50; , 24; , The Lords day was never meant to be a day of speaking thine own words Isa.
Yet many sermons are sure to re-define or correct at least one Bible word, even if the word used to define it is more difficult that the original. This drive to define a Bible word in every sermon is based on Bible college textbooks that list the so-called necessary parts of a sermon.
They are told, with no scriptural basis, that defining words is one of the four parts of exegesis the so-called interpretation of the Bible.
Let us relieve the Bible student and teacher from this unscriptural burden. The Bible says, Preach the word. Hermeneutics, the study of the principles of the interpretation of scripture, is named after the pagan Greek god Hermes. Has anyone who teaches or studies this subject ever considered just who this study is named after?
The Oxford Classical Dictionary says Hermes was known for divination. Hermes charmed him to sleep with the sound of his flute and cut off his head. Hermes promoted bestiality and was the messenger for the god Zeus a type of Satan.
Hermeneutics, as taught today in liberal Bible colleges, scarcely brings a message from the God of Christianity. Hermes sends students on a wild goose chase to find Zeuss interpretation of Gods message, using Greek lexicons, based generally on the writings of the pagan Greeks The Oxford Classical Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press, , p. HO loved Hermes and also made the following statement promoting the so-called originals over the KJB? In the King James version, as it stands translated, it has no resemblance what ever to the originalAnd yet Septuagint [Greek], Vulgate, and Hebrew original, have all to be considered as an inspired Word of God.
Was it a good pastor, a media preacher, or a knowledgeable scholar? Although they all express this view when they correct the Bible, this quote is not from them. It is from the arch-Satan worshipper of the late s, Madame Helena P. Blavatsky H. This book will reveal such astonishing ties to the father of lies. Yet how many good pastors have said, the original actually says? Have Greek and Hebrew study tools become the 67th book of the Bible? They believed not his word Ps. The Battle: The Spirit vs.
These same lexicons have been carriers, causing outbreaks of doubt about the words in the King James Bible. The epidemic can only be cured by closely examining the serial soul-killing sources. Behind closed doors, the doctors of lexicography have identified the parasites.
In fact they have declared the body of Greek and Hebrew study tools terminal. Their death certificates have already been signed. Fanning their pages will not revive them. Wise Christian pallbearers will bury them before their evil smell takes the breath of the Spirit away. Lexicons Cannot Be Relied On The experts announced We cannot know for certain that what we find in front of us when we look up a word is sound.
All the existing lexical entries in all our dictionaries are now obsolete John Lee, Lexicographer. The men who make the study of Greek-English New Testament Lexicons Dictionaries their lifes work fill this chapter to overflowing with warnings. Chadwick, Lee, and Danker have been charged with correcting the standard lexicons of Liddell-Scott, Moulton-Milligan, and Bauer, Arndt, and Gingrich, used naively by Christians and others to explore the meanings of New Testament words.
Professional linguists sound the following alarms, warning nave Christians that:. Bible dictionaries and lexicons contain guesswork and cannot be relied on. Bible dictionaries and lexicons are generally created by Raids on other dictionaries. Bible dictionaries and lexicon definitions are obsolete. Bible dictionaries and lexicon definitions are often taken from Bible translations and commentaries.
The book Biblical Greek Language and Lexicography serves as an inner circle confessional where faults are freely confessed and penance is paid later by those who purchase Bible study tools. Danker confesses, lexicography is more of an art than a craft As this book will reveal this art is more akin to deconstructionist modern art.
How firm are the definitions in lexicons? Danker confesses about his own lexicon, Sometimes debate continued for several mailings, interlaced with linguistic horse trading In other words, linguists working together as a team may not even agree on the definition of a word Bernard A. Taylor, John A. Lee, Peter R. Burton, and Richard E. Whitaker, Biblical Greek Language.
Some of the following professional secrets were first aired at the annual meeting of the closeddoor Society of Biblical Literature. The following are mere snippets from the thorough writings of these men, which should be examined in whole. Lee, contributing editor of Biblical Greek Language and Lexicography and the forthcoming revised Moulton-Milligan Vocabulary of the Greek New Testament, spills the beans at the Society of Biblical Literature regarding the use of Greek study tools to define Bible words, [T]here is the problem of the quality of the coverage.
It is simply a fact that what has been done so far cannot be relied on. This does not mean that it is all badly wrong; it does mean that until a thorough check has been done, both to eliminate the mistakes of the past and to use the full resources now available, we cannot know for certain that what we find in front of us when we look up a word is sound Taylor, pp. Lexicons are regarded by their users as authoritative, and they put their trust in them.
Lexicons are reference books presenting a compressed, seemingly final statement of fact, with an almost legal weight. The mere fact that something is printed in a book gives it authority, as far as most people are concerned.
And understandably: if one does not know the meaning of a word, one is predisposed to trust the only means of rescue from ignorance. Yet this trust is misplaced. The concise, seemingly authoritative statement of meaning can, and often does, conceal many sins indecision, compromise, imperfect knowledge, guesswork, and above all, dependence on predecessors. Lexicographers have to make a decision and put down a definite statement, and they are fallible like everyone else.
But the ordinary user has no means of knowing where the mistakes have been made, where the ignorance has been covered up, what has been lifted from somewhere else without checking, and so on.
To put it more bluntly: there are gaps everywhere, and even those things that seem to have been done have not been done as well as they could, and need reassessment. In saying this, my intention is not to denigrate everything that exists, but to honestly assess the present situation, so that we can go forward Taylor, pp.
Let us take first the NT [New Testament]there is the fact that even the latest lexicons derive their material from their predecessors, and a great deal of it has been passed on uncritically over the course of centuries. Thirdly, there is an aspect that I think is not well known: meanings given in the NT lexicons are by glosses from the contaminated standard translations, going back as far as the Vulgate.
There is a fourth tendency which has become evident to me lately: NT lexicons are unsystematic in their control of other discussions, and may or may not take up useful contributions to the understanding of the meaning. All this mainly concerns the major lexicon series of out time, Bauer , 6th ed. NT lexical traditionwould benefit from a thorough rethinking Taylor, p. The NT is more difficult because existing lexicons are generally regarded as the last word.
Nevertheless, all is not well with the NT lexical tradition, and long-term plans for a complete overhaul are needed Taylor, p. For the present, if we do nothing else, we can at least recognize the true state of affairs in Ancient Greek lexicography and be cautious Taylor, p.
Lees prop to bolster bookshelves bowing with bad Bible study tools is to patch them with even more decaying materials from secular Egyptian papyri. Lee will take the time-worn faces of Moulton and Milligan and engrave a few more lines from scrawled Egyptian inscriptions, then add a new dusty jacket scrawled on the sands of the Sahara.
As this book will demonstrate, each indolent generation plagiarizes the past, then tweaks their work during commercials to bolster their claim to scholarship. It is repeated generation after generation, each claiming that only their private interpretation is the correct one. It is propelled in academic circles by the Publish or Perish syndrome, where positions, promotions and raises are based almost entirely on ones list of publications.
Ever learning, and never able to come to the knowledge of the truth 2 Tim. He warns students of the dangers of defining words with standard lexicons in his new Oxford University Press expos, Lexicographica Graeca. Chadwick cautions, The essential precept to bear constantly in mind is the need for exercising sober judgment, and adopting a skeptical attitude towards every assertion which cannot be proved by satisfactory evidence. This is true of all forms of scholarship, but it is never more necessary than in the practice of Greek lexicography John Chadwick, Lexicographica Graeca, Oxford: Oxford University Press, , pp.
Later in this chapter some of Chadwicks charges against the Liddell-Scott Greek-English Lexicon will be fully presented. Insiders Secrets: William Johnson William Johnson is a world-class Classicist a professor who studies and teaches the classics written in Greek and Latin.
He was a foundational contributor to the world-renown digital lexicon Thesaurus Linguae Graecae. When comparing Greek lexicons with Latin, he contrasts the precise information he is able to find in Latin-English lexicons, but the fundamentally flawed state of GreekEnglish lexicons.
Often the Greek definition is simply wrong, he explains: one turns to Greek. We have not walked into a slum exactly, but the buildings are more closely spaced, the porch banisters often rickety, the lawns not so well kept.
Approaching the dictionary, a Hellenist must remain cautious and light on the feet. Often enough none of the translation equivalents is exact for a given context; sometimes the definition is simply wrong; glosses are rather frequently wrongand the overview one gets of the word can be fundamentally flawed, since, lexicographical practice aside, the passages considered by the lexicographer were. And then there is the problem of the outmoded lexicographic technique itself Taylor, p.
It has turned out to be a breedingground of rabies theologorum. It should be abolished for ethical reasons Taylor, pp. He charges, The sins committed by biblical scholars in connection with the Greek NT are far too numerous Taylor, pp. Out-of date:. Lexicographers inform us that the life of a printed dictionary has been approximately twenty years Taylor, p. Yet the man-centered minds of todays scholars think that the solution is more secular data matched with their minds.
Today, lexicographers are drawing on the digital Thesaurus Linguae Graecae, an electronic data base of ancient Greek texts. John Lee admits this development brings about a major shift in Greek lexicography Taylor, p. This data base was not available to earlier writers of lexicons; therefore Lee concludes, Consequently all the existing lexical entries in all our dictionaries are now obsolete and await reassessment in the light of the full evidence to be added Taylor, pp.
No doubt some of the criticism by these liberal lexicographers is misdirected at a few straggling KJB words still seen in some lexicons, as jewels among the mountains of mire. How stable and reliable is even the latest so-called research?
It is apparently not even worth the paper on which it is printed. Lexicographers believe that lexicon entries should change continually. What they thought was a definition yesterday, may not be the definition they use today. Danker said, Indeed, the speed with which new discoveries, including papyri and epigraphs, cry for scholars attention will probably call into question the very idea of a printed NT, not to speak of OT, lexicon Taylor, p. Without the trumped-up need and the imagined cry for scholars, lexicographers would be out of work and would have no books to sell.
Given the ever-changing theories of scholars, Chadwick says that any printed lexicon is subject to error A continuously progressive lexicon should be created, probably at one location with on-line facilities for consultation at a distance Chadwick, p. Danker parrots Darwins evolutionary model despite the hazards and missing links: Changes in language are such that bilingual dictionaries [e.
Greek-English] cannot lay claim to permanence. Their very genre is subject to an inexorable evolutionary process. Changing patterns in receptor languages, as well as the appearance of new data, require constant revision of dictionaries or lexicons devoted especially to biblical Hebrew and Greek. Hazards connected with such an enterprise are many, as becomes readily apparent in this paper Taylor, p. Conclusion avoid the hazardous materials: Meddle not with them that are given to change Prov.
Danker says his lexicon opens the door to the readers own innovative translation Taylor, pp. In other words, he admits that there is no such thing as the meaning of a Greek word. The conclusion that must be drawn is that lexicographers, past and present, do not agree with each other. The claim, That word in Greek actually means is made only by Greek dabblers, not by seasoned lexicographers.
The word imbedded and held for centuries by the hand of God among the crown jewels in the King James Bible is what God said and what he meant.
The diamonds in the context surrounding each word shine their light to illuminate each word Ps. Since most who use these tools do not know the differences between these two text types at every point and cannot really read the Greek words, they will be unaware that they are being given the definition of the wrong Greek word!
For example, Rev. The corrupt texts and modern versions say either King of ages or King of nations. Therefore the lexicons definition will be given for the Greek word aion e. For this reason alone, all lexicons and Bible study helps should be buried to prevent the spread of their deadly hazards.
This includes all lexicons, as well as all Greek grammar books. Complete autopsies of their dead works follow in this book. Has anyone ever thought to inquire, Where do lexical writers get their English definitions and translation equivalencies? The abominable wings of a stork bear them century after century Lev. In his book, Lexicographica Graeca, John Chadwick rips down the faade exposing the shaky structure underlying word meanings in Greek Bible study tools.
They are built from: 1. Catholic church Fathers, early heretics, and 7. With all of the admitted plagiarizing, it is not surprising that there is agreement among lexicons, whereby certain word meanings have become sacrosanct. The first, the traditional and almost universal method is take another mans dictionary and use it as the basis for ones own[H]e is unlikely to be accused of infringing copyright; and it is often possible to use dictionaries which have lost this protection. Chadwick complains, The effort of making an unprejudiced analysis of the meanings of a word is considerable; small wonder that most scholars have found it easier to rely on.
Louw and E. Taylor, p. Danker confesses borrowing definitions with the most eloquent euphemisms. He admits, their forward linguistic thrust has left its mark, along with generously shared verbal echoes BDAG, xi, center.
Arndt and F. Wilbur Gingrich. Imagine a Greek lexicon which takes its definitions from perhaps the most insipid Bible version ever printed, instead of it being the other way around! Metzger also used the Catholic lexicon by Franciscus Zorell, a man he calls a capable Jesuit scholar. JavaScript is enabled for all websites by default in Mozilla Firefox. If you have disabled JavaScript using a browser add-on that allows you to customize your JavaScript settings, you need to re-enable JavaScript using this add-on.
For more information about JavaScript settings in Mozilla Firefox, refer to the following article from Mozilla Support:. To manage your global cookie preferences for all websites that you visit using Mozilla Firefox, refer to the following article from Mozilla Support:. If you prefer to enable cookies only for webpages that are part of the avast. JavaScript is enabled for all websites by default in Safari. If you have manually disabled JavaScript, follow the steps below to re-enable it:. It is not possible to enable cookies for specific websites in Safari.
However, you can manage global cookie preferences that apply to all websites you visit using Safari. For more information about the options available, refer to the following article from Apple Support:. To manage global cookie preferences that apply to all websites you visit using Microsoft Edge, refer to the following article from Microsoft Support:.
If you prefer to enable cookies only for the avast. To enable JavaScript for all websites that you visit using Opera, refer to the instructions under Manage JavaScript in pages in the following article from Opera help:. If you prefer to enable JavaScript only for the avast. To enable cookies for all websites that you visit using Opera, refer to the instructions under Manage cookies in pages in the following article from Opera help:. If you experience issues activating an Avast product that you purchased online via the official Avast website , refer to this article for solutions to some of the most common activation issues.
If you experience issues activating your Avast product using an activation code , refer to the sections below in order:. Before you try to activate your Avast product again, we recommend checking that you are using the correct activation code. For detailed instructions on how to find the correct activation code for your product, refer to the following article:. After you have found the correct activation code, follow the instructions below to activate your product.
After finding the correct activation code , activate your Avast product. We recommend following the exact instructions in the relevant article below:. If this does not resolve your issue, follow the instructions below to reinstall your product. Completely uninstall and then reinstall your product.
Jehu Hernandez 4 days ago. Kevin Obermeyer 4 days ago. Stephen Ringl. Brad Wingler. A month ago. Kevin a month ago — Edited. Pressing the lowercase 'f' key while writing in notes causes the window to toggle between maximized and not - Faithlife Forums. Faithlife Forums - User-managed discussion forums for users of Faithlife products including product information, support topics, and user tips. Brad Wingler a month ago. Kevin Obermeyer.
A month ago — Edited.
0コメント